In the modern world, many diseases develop, according to scientists and psychologists, due to a variety of injuries, experiences and negative thoughts. Quite often there are situations when there are no physical prerequisites for the appearance of diseases, but the pathology progresses. In this case, talking about somatic diseases.
Somatic diseases - what is it?
Somatic pathologies are manifested by the symptoms of many diseases, the character of which is influenced by personality predisposition The most common somatic diseases include:
- Gastric and duodenal ulcer. The main cause of this disease is increased nervousness. Overvoltage leads to an increase in acidity, ulcers are formed as a result.
- Neurodermatitis. They appear as a result of depression. The disease is accompanied by skin rashes, severe itching.
- Bronchial asthma. It can also be caused by strong nervous stresses that affect the heart, stressful situations lead to an attack of asphyxiation.
- Ulcerative colitis. Appears as a result of nervous disorders and stress.
- Rheumatoid arthritis. Often it becomes a consequence of mental disorders, nervous overstrain, as a result, symptoms of diseases of the joints appear.
- Chronic hypertension. Usually develops as a result of nervous system overload.
Less commonly, somatic pathologies contribute to the development of diabetes mellitus, ischemic disease.
Causes and symptoms
The main cause of somatic disorders is the body's response to stressful situations that lead to disruption of the internal organs.
The reason for the development of such states can be a serious emotional stress, which is caused by: conflicts, increased nervousness, anger, anxiety, fear, and so on.
It is difficult to recognize the somatic disease itself, because in this case the patient complains of pain in the body, but there are no reasons for the onset of symptoms. The most common symptoms of somatic pathologies are listed below.
Appetite disturbance
Such a disorder may look like a complete lack of appetite, or, conversely, as an increased sense of hunger. Often the causes are depression and stress. In addition, most neuroses are accompanied by loss of appetite.
If a person suffers from anorexia nervosa, he may refuse to eat, feel disgust for it, despite the fact that the body's need for food remains.
Bulimia is characterized by the uncontrolled use of large amounts of food and often leads to obesity. In some cases, the pathology causes a loss of body weight. This happens if a person feels hostility towards himself, begins to drink a laxative and induce vomiting.
Trouble sleeping
One of the most common symptoms of mental disorder is insomnia. Most often it appears as a result of internal experiences. A person cannot fall asleep, tries to make the right decision, find a way out of a difficult situation, and in the morning wakes up irritable and tired. Insomnia is often observed with serious neurosis. Neurasthenia is characterized by a maximum sensitivity of sleep: a person falls asleep, but even the quietest sound awakens him, after which he can no longer fall asleep.
Pain
In somatic disorders, the patient may complain of pain in the organ, which for him is the most vulnerable. Depression is often accompanied by unpleasant stabbing sensations in the heart, joined by anxiety and fear. Headache of psychogenic origin usually occurs due to the tension of the muscles of the neck. Hysteria or self-hypnosis can also cause headaches. A number of special situations provoke the appearance of severe pains in the back of the head, the patient feels an unpleasant sensation in the shoulders. Such a state often haunts anxious and suspicious people.
Sexual dysfunction
There are several intimate disorders, which include: increased or decreased sexual desire, pain during intercourse, lack of orgasm. Such disorders can lead to such factors as prolonged abstinence, low self-esteem, fear, disgust, lack of a permanent partner.
Risk assessment
Most often, this disease develops during adolescence and rarely in those who are already 30 years old. In most cases, the disorder occurs in women, and the risk of its occurrence is higher for those who have a similar family history, a narcotic or other addiction, personality problems of a social nature.
Also somatic diseases are susceptible to suspicious people, those who are engaged in mental work, constantly in a state of stress.
Features of treatment
Therapy of somatic pathologies can be carried out both on an outpatient basis and in a hospital setting. Inpatient treatment is indicated at the stage of acute manifestation of psychosis, after which the rehabilitation period begins. The importance should be given to working with the patient to eliminate neuropsychiatric factors in the development of pathology.
Of the medicines, preference should be given to those required for the treatment of the disease that has appeared.
In parallel with taking medications, psychotherapeutic therapy should be carried out with the aim of influencing the mechanism of the development of the disease and the factors that provoke it. Anti-depressants or tranquilizers may be prescribed to calm the patient.
Some experts prescribe folk remedies, but they can only be considered as a supplement to the main methods of treatment. Most often prescribed plant extracts, herbs that help in the treatment of a particular disease.
Features of somatic diseases in children
A common condition of somatic disorder that can create problems for the child’s emotional or physical development is neuropathy. This is a severe disorder, a congenital pathology that occurs during fetal development or during childbirth.
The causes of this disease can be:
- prolonged toxicosis in the mother;
- pathological development of pregnancy;
- serious stress future mothers during pregnancy.
Signs of child neuropathy include:
- emotional instability, that is, a tendency to anxiety and irritability, the rapid appearance of affects;
- sleep disturbance in the form of night terrors, problems falling asleep, refusing to sleep during the day.
Vegetative dystonia is a disorder of the nervous system. May manifest dizziness, nausea, gastrointestinal upset, and so on.
In school and preschool years, a child with difficulties in adapting to a child care facility often has symptomatic manifestations in the form of headache, vomiting, metabolic disturbances, a tendency to allergies with various manifestations, and an increased sensitivity to infections.
According to scientists, allergies and reduced appetite in boys may be associated with internal tension, emotional dissatisfaction of the mother with their family life during the childbearing.
Minimal cerebral impairment manifests itself in the form of a child's sensitivity to bright light, stuffiness, transportation trips, and weather changes.
In this case, the child often suffers from colds, gastrointestinal diseases, diseases of the respiratory system. Pathology can begin with a strong emotional experience.
Also found psychomotor disorders, which include involuntary urination. Most often, such violations pass with age and have a seasonal dependence, they are exacerbated in the fall.
The first signs of these diseases are diagnosed in the first years of a child’s life and usually manifest themselves in the following:
- frequent regurgitation;
- restless sleep;
- temperature fluctuations.
Neuropathy is a basic pathogenic factor against which a child’s activity, including psychic, may decrease. As a result, the psychophysical development slows down, which negatively affects the child’s development, adaptation to social realities, personality changes, because the baby can become completely dependent on others or, conversely, lose interest in life.
With timely implementation of recreational activities, including the creation of a favorable psychological atmosphere, signs of nephropathy decrease and disappear over time. However, under unfavorable circumstances, pathology becomes the source of the development of chronic somatic diseases.
