Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VVD) is a functional disorder of the working capacity of the autonomic nervous system that performs several important functions: preserving and maintaining the internal environment of the body, mobilizing human defenses to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The autonomic nervous system has the greatest effect on peripheral nerves.
Modern medicine does not consider the disease as an independent phenomenon, because the disease is a complex of symptoms that arise against the background of organic pathologies. IRR is currently observed in 80% of people, and in 30% of cases requires medical intervention.
The first symptoms of the disease occur most often in childhood or adolescence. Serious violations in the body manifest themselves by the age of 20-40.
Disease characteristic
To characterize the IRR, it is necessary to understand the principles of the autonomic nervous system, controlling unconscious physiological work of the body:
- heartbeat;
- digestion,
- breath;
- the work of the sebaceous glands;
- hormonal changes, etc.
The sympathetic division of the vegetative system works mainly during the daytime. It is responsible for the reaction to the load, accelerates the heart rate and increases the level of blood pressure.
The parasympathetic division helps a person rejuvenate at night. Thanks to him, there is a decrease in heart rate, blood pressure and vasodilation.
In a healthy state, the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions work in concert, due to which the body reacts to external factors in time and fully controls the functioning of internal organs. Violation of the relationship leads to vegetative-vascular dystonia.
Types and symptoms of vascular dystonia in women
As a result of the development of the disease affects the limbs, heart and brain. The syndrome of the disease manifests itself as a chameleon, and manifests itself in all different ways. There are several varieties of pathology.
Hypertonic type
The disease received this name because of its main symptom - high blood pressure. In this case, hypertension is only a consequence of the IRR, and not the cause.
The disease manifests itself in violation of the nutritional status of internal organs due to malfunction of the cardiovascular system.
Common symptoms of this type of disease: recurrent headaches, sleep disturbance, anxiety, trembling of the extremities, poor appetite.
Hypotonic type
This type of dystonia implies a decrease in pressure. As a result, the body's systems receive less nutrients. Often, reduced pressure is accompanied by breathing problems, low body temperature, aching limbs, fainting, and irritability.
Cardiac view
It is the most common among all types of IRR. The peculiarity of the disease is a malfunction of the brain. Because of this, the vessels stop responding to signals from the brain, and vital organs are poorly supplied with oxygen and nutrients.
Mixed type
The disease is successfully treated. With a mixed type of VSD, constant drops in blood pressure are observed, and the changes occur quite sharply. The list of main symptoms include: tachycardia, increased anxiety, poor sleep, sweating, problems with speech.
Vegetative vascular dystonia in women: causes
The disease has not yet been fully studied by medicine. All diseases that do not have a specific clinical picture are treated as dystonia. Women suffer from IRR more often than men, because they are less likely to tolerate difficult stressful situations. Among the main reasons for the development of pathology in the fair sex are:
- hormonal changes in the body resulting from pregnancy, lactation and during menopause;
- complicated pregnancy with pronounced toxicosis;
- injuries sustained during childbirth;
- chronic thyroid disease;
- weak immunity;
- propensity for malaise along the ancestral line;
- osteochondrosis;
- failure to comply with the regime of work and rest.
Some factors provoke the development of the disease, for example, strong emotional upheavals or stresses that are permanent, conflicts in the family and strained work environment. In aggregate, negative factors lead to disruption of the nervous system.
Scientific studies have shown that congenital defects of the vegetative system are also the cause of the pathology. Most often, congenital abnormalities are transmitted to the child from the mother. Their result is abnormal changes in vascular tone.
Pathology diagnosis
To get a complete picture of the disease, you need to visit such doctors as a cardiologist, a therapist, and a neurologist. In addition, it is necessary to exclude any other diseases that are similar in symptoms. Experts recommend passing a few studies:
- Electroencephalography is appointed by a neurologist to monitor the work of different parts of the brain. This type of diagnosis is used to exclude epilepsy.
- Magnetic-nuclear resonance is the most accurate and up-to-date method of research, which allows obtaining layer-by-layer pictures of organs. Thanks to the technique, a specialist can eliminate the presence of certain brain diseases.
- Electrocardiography - the study of the heart, which gives the necessary information about the health of the body.
- Vegetative tests reveal failures in the peripheral ANS. The method allows you to carefully study orthostatic tests that reveal the level of functionality of the physiological system.
The results of the diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia give doctors the opportunity to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a suitable and effective treatment.
Modern methods of treatment of IRR
The disease is now effectively eliminated with the help of drug and non-drug complexes, but the latter are given the leading role.
There are many effective methods for the treatment of VSD.
Changing the psycho-emotional environment
"All diseases are from nerves" - the quotation accurately characterizes vegetative-vascular dystonia. In most cases, the development of the disease provokes a psychological factor.
If the patient is not able to cope with the problem on his own, he is recommended to consult a psychotherapist. Psychiatry offers effective ways of treating pathology: autotraining, psychoanalysis with “personal diary”, behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques training.
The doctor helps the patient to create around him a favorable psychological environment. For this, patients need walks in the fresh air, proper rest, trips to the forest or out of town.
Optimization of work and rest
This method includes a normal sleep lasting 7-8 hours, eating quality food and avoiding bad habits. Smoking and drinking alcohol further aggravate existing diseases. Correction exposed the diet of the patient. Since GVD is characterized by vascular tone pathologies, patients are recommended to use foods that help strengthen vascular walls: beans, bananas, honey, cereals, dried fruits, cheeses, and dairy products.
To cope with the disease help moderate exercise. The main thing is that the chosen sport should be liked by the patient. The most commonly prescribed are swimming, walking, yoga, i.e. relatively quiet activities.
Physiotherapy
Of non-pharmacological treatment methods, this method is the most effective. Physiotherapy procedures are performed not only in hospital conditions, but also in sanatoriums.
Patients are prescribed electrophoresis with various pharmacological formulations (calcium, bromine, novocaine, papaverine, etc.), water procedures, electrosleep, mud, thermal procedures, massage.
A full course of physiotherapeutic procedures allows you to eliminate many of the symptoms of the IRR without additional use of drugs.
Drug treatment
The program for treating a patient in a medicamentous way should be prepared only by a doctor. Since excessive use of drugs and their inconsistency can only worsen the situation. Medicines used to eliminate the symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia are divided into the following categories:
- sedatives of plant origin;
- tranquilizers;
- antipsychotics;
- hypnotics;
- antidepressants;
- nootropics
- drugs to lower or increase blood pressure;
- vitamins and antioxidants.
Traditional methods of treating the disease
Treatment of VSD in adults by folk methods is very popular. After all, drug therapy is always associated with the risk of side effects and allergic reactions.
Clay
The disease is eliminated by cleansing the body of toxins and slags with the help of clay.
A solution of water with clay is drunk daily during the week. To prepare the solution one Art. l pharmaceutical clay mixed with 200 ml of warm boiled water.
Mustard baths
The method is suitable for patients who suffer from headaches. 5 tbsp. mustard is diluted with water until a homogeneous state of thick cream. The resulting mixture is poured into a bath, the water temperature in which should be 39 degrees. Procedure time - up to 7 minutes.
Tea with Cognac
The tool is well suited under reduced pressure. For its preparation 1 tbsp. l Brandy is added to strong tea.
Herbal remedies
Herbs gently affect the human body, and therefore are suitable for the treatment of IRR. Therapy is carried out using the following herbs:
- motherwort;
- hawthorn;
- dill;
- valerian;
- calendula
- mint;
- barberry.
The use of vegetable tinctures improves the patient's condition after 2 weeks. However, to completely eliminate the disease, treatment with folk methods should take a long time.
Vegetative dystonia in children: causes, symptoms and treatment
It is difficult to diagnose dystonia in children, because their pulse is higher than that of an adult. In children under 12 years of age, the disease is not determined by the heart rate. For the landmark take other symptoms.
- Discoloration of the skin and the appearance of rash on it.
- Sharp rises and falls in body temperature.
- Drowsiness and loss of interest in favorite activities.
- Problems with the stomach and intestines.
- The appearance of shortness of breath.
These symptoms for the pediatrician are signals that may cause the child to undergo a diagnosis.
Vegetative-vascular dystonia in children occurs primarily for socio-economic reasons:
- fast paced life;
- substandard products and household chemicals;
- Moving to another city;
- mental and physical overload;
- stressful factors in the family.
The body of the child may be genetically predisposed to certain diseases. But heredity is not considered as the main cause of the occurrence of the IRR.
Disease therapy can occur in two ways drug and non-drug. The first method is used for aggravated dystonia, if it interferes with the full life of the child.
With mild symptoms, the pediatrician prescribes non-drug measures. These include a full sleep, physical education, a balanced diet, therapeutic massage and taking vitamin complexes.
Dystonia prevention
Disease prevention includes diet, exercise, water treatment and moral relaxation. In addition, it is important to properly organize the regime of work and rest, to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Physical loads occupy the leading role in the prevention of illness. The most effective method of rehabilitation is yoga. Next in order of importance is proper nutrition. Food of the patient VSD should contain a large amount of magnesium, potassium and vitamins.
Hydrotherapy - a modern method of getting rid of the disease. Its principle is based on the fact that jets of water falling on certain parts of the body, stimulate blood flow in them. The contrast shower trains the vessels, significantly increasing their elasticity.
Conclusion
Vegetative-vascular dystonia is not an independent disease, in medicine it is considered the borderline between pathology and the normal state. Most often, dystonia develops against the background of psychological factors and is quickly treated after their elimination.
However, it is difficult to diagnose the disease by its characteristic symptoms, since it manifests itself in different ways.
In order to make a diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo a full examination in order to exclude the presence of other ailments similar in symptoms.
Non-burdened forms of the disease are treated with non-drug methods and means of traditional medicine. Otherwise, the therapy is carried out under the supervision of the attending physician, who will determine the sequence and dose of medication.
And a little more information about vegetative-vascular dystonia - in the next video.
