Angina is an inflammatory process localized in the tonsils. Alas, so far, many patients are treated incorrectly, using drugs that simply relieve symptoms. But this is a very complex pathology, the cunning of which is in its complications. If you do not prescribe treatment in time, the infection can spread to the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, and cause purulent abscesses.
The main causes of the disease
Most often, a sore throat occurs as a result of infection with staphylococci and streptococci, less often the disease occurs when fungi and viruses enter the body. And a person can become infected in two ways: through everyday objects, by airborne droplets. Contact with a person who recently had had a sore throat, as the causative agent of the disease can persist for 3 more weeks, is of no less risk.
The first thing that gets in the "field of view" of bacteria is the tonsil mucosa, where they settle. As a result, this leads to the active work of lymphoid tissue, which begins to produce antibodies.
With normal immunity, the availability of vitamins and microelements in the body, angina can be asymptomatic and unnoticeable, but when hypothermia, the inability of the lymphatic system to cope with bacteria, an inflammatory process occurs in the tonsils.
The main signs of angina include:
- high temperature;
- sore throat;
- chills;
- pain in the throat, increasing during swallowing;
- signs of poisoning, which include weakness, headache;
- fatigue
- abdominal pain;
- vomiting;
- nasal congestion;
- soreness of lymph nodes.
Antibacterial drugs for angina for adults
Antibiotics are the first drugs on the list, since they are indispensable for sore throat. Especially if the causative agent of the disease is streptococcus - in this case the treatment will be useless without antibacterial drugs.
Currently the following groups of funds are used:
Antibiotics of systemic action - penicillins. Active substances are aimed at combating the majority of microbes. However, due to the fact that such preparations have been used for many decades, some of the microorganisms have developed immunity to them. Therefore, in the last couple of years, more effective and sophisticated antibiotics have been used.- Broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents - cephalosporins. Possess bacteriostatic properties. Their use is justified if there is an ineffective use of penicillin group drugs or in the presence of an allergy to them.
- Macrolides. They are considered the safest due to the fact that the main components of such drugs have virtually no side effects. Used to treat children and adults.
Antibiotics of systemic action - penicillins. Active substances are aimed at combating the majority of microbes. However, due to the fact that such preparations have been used for many decades, some of the microorganisms have developed immunity to them. Therefore, in the last couple of years, more effective and sophisticated antibiotics have been used.The following drugs may be prescribed to eliminate the infection in the body and in acute manifestations of the disease:
- Augmentin;
- Ceftriaxone;
- Sumamed.
Augmentin is ideal for purulent tonsillitis, it is also often prescribed in the treatment of children.
Augmentin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and one of the most prescribed drugs for tonsillitis. This is a good cure for purulent tonsillitis, which can be used to treat young patients. Available in the form of tablets, suspensions, syrup and solution for internal administration.
When treating a simple sore throat, the dosage is as follows: 1 tablet three times a day. In the case of purulent disease, the dosage should be increased to 2 tablets every 12 hours.
Ceftriaxone is a drug that is intended for oral administration. This is a new generation antibiotic that can be used to treat even newborns. However, it is contraindicated to apply in case of problems with the liver, kidneys, with penicillin allergy, in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Sumamed belongs to the group of macrolides. The main active ingredient is Azithromycin, which copes with most pathogens. Available in the form of tablets, capsules, powder.
The main contraindication - intolerance to the components of the drug. Also, it is not recommended to take it during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Recommendations for receiving immunomodulators
If the first symptoms of a sore throat appear, it is very important to pay attention to the immune system. If you increase the work of immunity, the risk of complications is significantly reduced. This is especially true for the treatment of children, but for adults, the use of such funds will only benefit.
One of the most effective drugs is Lizobact. The active ingredients, pyridoxine hydrochloride and lysozyme, suppress inflammatory processes that increase the protection of the throat mucosa, and start tissue repair processes.
Available in the form of lozenges. The recommended dose - 2 tablets 4 times a day for 7-8 days.
Use this drug is necessary only in the absence of intolerance to lactose or its individual components. The average cost of packaging is 200 rubles.
Anti-inflammatory cure for angina
Such drugs affect the work of the hypothalamus, which leads to the expansion of blood vessels. As a result, the enhanced thermogenesis process is launched. Due to this, the pain, the "breaking" of the bones, the temperature is reduced, the other signs of inflammation are reduced.
Such drugs are usually prescribed in combination with antibiotics, but before their use it is recommended to undergo consultation with the attending physician. This is due to the fact that some of the medicines are not combined with each other.
When quinsy is usually prescribed ibuprofen or piroxicam.
Ibtsprofen refers to non-steroid drugs. It relieves inflammation, reduces fever, pain. Available in the form of tablets, suspensions. Piroxicam acts in almost the same way. This tool is cheaper, but it has more block effects and contraindications.
What local antiseptic drugs can help?
Treatment of any sore throat should be accompanied by the use of topical preparations that have powerful antiseptic properties. Thanks to them, it is possible to reduce the inflammatory process in the paranasal sinuses, in the lungs, in the ears. Such funds quickly stop the local symptoms of tonsillitis.
There are many drugs that can help cope with the disease, but the most effective are:
- Septolete;
- Iodinol;
- Furacilin.
Septoletes are lozenges that relieve pain and have an anti-inflammatory effect. True, it is forbidden to take it in case of hypersensitivity to the main components of the drug.
Iodinol is an antiseptic drug that is sold in the form of a solution for gargling (dilute 1 tablespoon of product in 250 ml of water). In the case of purulent tonsillitis, rinsing is required at least 5 times a day, in the case of the chronic variant, 2-3 times a day. This tool is contraindicated for use during pregnancy, during breastfeeding.
Furacilin - an aniseptic drug, through which you can quickly relieve a sore throat, inflammation. Available in the form of tablets, and in the form of a solution. This tool is often included in the scheme of complex treatment of angina, since it can be used to stop the division of microbial cells.
There are a number of contraindications:
- the presence of bleeding in the tonsils;
- hypersensitivity to the drug;
- renal failure
But the tool can be used during lactation and during pregnancy. The maximum duration of treatment is 5 days.
Features of treatment of various types of angina
There are many forms of this disease and in each case the treatment regimen will be different.
Herpes sore throat
Herpes sore throat occurs as a result of ingestion of the virus in the body, therefore it is senseless to use antibiotics.
In this case, prescribe antihistamines to eliminate mucosal edema, painkillers, immunostimulants and anti-inflammatory drugs. Depending on the location of herpes, a rinse or treatment of the affected areas with chamomile, sage may be prescribed.
But any thermal manipulation with this type of disease is prohibited. In case of aggravation, hospitalization is required.
Viral sore throat
This form is less dangerous, because with proper treatment the risk of complications is reduced to zero. The main peak of the disease occurs in late autumn or winter. The disease develops as a result of a weakened immunity when the virus penetrates, therefore, during treatment they manage without antibiotics.
For treatment, they use interferons, which will help increase the body's resistance. The most well-known drugs: Viferon or leukocyte interferon. It is also recommended to gargle, to conduct inhalation.
Purulent tonsillitis
This form of the disease, unlike the others, always proceeds in an acute form. And for its treatment it is imperative to use antibiotics (either penicillin or from the group of macrolides). Most often, doctors prescribe:
- Erythromycin;
- Azithromycin;
- Spiramycin.
Corticosteroids, Ibuprofen and Paracetamol may also be given to help reduce other symptoms. Prescribe compresses, rinsing, throat lubrication.
Other types of angina
In the treatment of follicular forms, antibiotics, antipyretic drugs, lozenges must be prescribed. Also recommended rinsing and compresses.
Lacunar form is also treated with antibiotics, antipyretic and antihistamines. Recommended to receive an increased dose of vitamin C.
In the catarrhal form, anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides, rinsing and lubrication of the tonsils are prescribed.
Properly chosen treatment regimen with the help of certain drugs will quickly cure even a severe form of angina. However, it must be remembered that this can only be done by a doctor on the basis of the information collected, anamnesis, and test results.
