If a child starts bleeding from the nose, it scares everyone - the baby himself and his parents. Such a nuisance happens quite often, it can be either a one-time phenomenon or quite frequent. In some cases, this may even be the cause of the hospitalization of the child, where doctors will already determine why this happened.
The main causes of frequent nosebleeds in a child
Blood can come from the anterior and posterior parts of the nose, or from other organs that are connected to the nose (stomach, esophagus). Why does the child often bleed from the nose?
The most common causes of nasal bleeding in a child are as follows:
- viral and bacterial diseases;
- nose injuries;
- frequent use of drugs narrowing blood vessels;
- frequent tamponade;
- various nasal diseases (acquired or inherited);
- anatomy features;
- hot and dry air;
- benign and malignant tumors in the nasal cavity;
- hormonal background;
- diseases of other organs and systems;
- external influence;
- strong overvoltage;
- high blood pressure;
- the appearance of bleeding from other organs, for example, from the digestive system or stomach.
As we can see, some causes of bleeding are quite serious, after which you should definitely show the baby to the doctor.
The child's nose bleeds at night: the reasons
There are several main causes of nasal bleeding in a baby during sleep:
- too high susceptibility of blood vessels, which leads to their rupture even in the absence of mechanical stress;
- infections that can affect the mucous membranes of the nose, sinuses and throat, which in turn can lead to rupture of blood vessels;
- allergy, provoking the occurrence of mucous edema and rash;
- insufficient amount of vitamin C in the body, which can lead to excessive weakness of the vessel lining;
- increase in pressure (can lead to rupture of small vessels;
- the presence of foreign objects in the nasal cavity;
- excessive fatigue during athletic exercise;
- use of anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictor drugs.
So, the baby, feeling some discomfort in the nose, can pick in the nasal cavity, thereby causing damage to the mucous membranes. Very often this may be the cause of frequent bleeding.
How to stop bleeding in a child
First of all, do not go into a panic, so as not to scare the kid himself, because it will only make it worse. Remember that the mere fact of nasal bleeding frightens him, therefore, behave very collected and try to calm down.
Now we will analyze how to stop the blood from the nose of a child. So, if the situation is serious, you should first call the doctor, and place the child on a bed in a horizontal position.
If you can’t put it on, put him in and slightly tilt his head back, then insert the nasal tampons into both nostrils. Doctors categorically do not recommend throwing the head back without them, because this way blood will flow to the baby in the oral cavity, or even into the esophagus.
Then put something cold on the bridge of your nose, for example ice bags wrapped in cloth or a towel soaked in cold water.
Upon the arrival of the doctor, he may perform the following emergency assistance:
- Coagulation. The doctor will first burn the vessel from which the blood is seeping. This action is performed through the use of a laser, chemically (silver nitrate), or with the help of ultrasound, various acids or current;
- Tamponade. A cotton swab is soaked in vagil or chloroacetic acid and then using it to cauterize the nasal membrane;
- Hemostatic sponge. This device containing special substances is placed in the nasal cavity, which contributes to the strengthening of blood clotting;
- Plasma transfusion. Such a scenario is possible only when, even after using the above methods, the blood does not cease to go;
- The introduction of drugs intravenously. Another extreme case where blood cannot be stopped is aminocaproic acid, hemodez, or reopolyglucine is injected through a vein.
The baby is bleeding from the nose: the advice of Dr. Komarovsky
If the child began to bleed from the nose, Komarovsky advises taking the following actions:
- Seat the child by tilting its body forward. Its head should be positioned straight or slightly tilt it forward;
- Hold the nostrils of the victim with your fingers and hold for 8-10 minutes. Compress the nose can both mom and the child himself. During this period, ask him to breathe through his mouth;
- The famous doctor claims that the main factor influencing the rate of blood excretion from the nose is the diameter of the damaged vessel. In addition, the speed and duration of bleeding depends on the clotting of the blood system and the intake of certain drugs. A large percentage of nosebleeds stop after an incident of 5-10 minutes;
- To speed up the stopping of blood, Dr. Komarovsky advises to use the cold (in this case, you need to ask the baby to hold his nose while the mother is preparing a cold compress). Use the ice, wrapping it in the towel beforehand, and attach the child to the nose. In addition, give your child an ice cream or cold drink with a straw, this will allow the cold in your mouth to help accelerate the cessation of nasal bleeding.
Also, during the ten-minute wait period, until the blood stops, the famous doctor Komarovsky advises to distract the child with something by turning on a cartoon or telling an interesting story.
What can not be done with nosebleeds in a baby?
In order not to aggravate the situation when the child is bleeding from the nose, parents are strictly forbidden to perform the following actions:
- do not throw the child's head back - this will lead to the fact that the blood begins to flow into the throat, and then into the esophagus;
- do not tilt it too far forward - this is fraught with increased bleeding;
- blow your nose - it will not allow blood clots to clog the damaged vessel;
- putting the child in a horizontal position, make sure that his head was turned to the side, and not lying straight.
Remember that even with increased bleeding in a baby, do not go into a panic, because the child is already scared. Proceed in the same way as with nosebleeds in adults.
When should I call a doctor?
You should contact the specialists in such cases:
- before the baby started bleeding, he fell heavily or hit his head or nose;
- on the incident of 15-20 minutes, during which you pinned the baby's nose, the blood did not stop going;
- against the background of nosebleeds, the baby has a severe blanching, loss of consciousness;
- blood flowed from both nostrils at the same time. Often with damage to the blood vessels, bleeding is observed from one nostril, and this problem in most cases is solved independently. If the vessel in the posterior parts of the nose is damaged, blood can flow from both nostrils. This can happen for several reasons - injury, too high pressure and so on. In this case, it is recommended to immediately seek help from doctors.
If the child’s blood comes out of the nose often enough, you can cauterize the vessels, this procedure is quite simple and practically painless.
Prevention of nasal bleeding in a child
If the blood from the nose goes to the baby often enough, you should diagnose and determine the diseases that provoke this process. The presence in the nasal cavity of polyps or other formations, curved septum - problems that should be eliminated immediately.
In addition, for preventive purposes, it is recommended to perform the following actions:
- take vitamins C, K, calcium supplements orally, an oily solution of vitamin A B - as drops in the nose;
- maintain an acceptable level of humidity in the house;
- to hold an explanatory conversation with the baby that the habit of picking your nose is unsafe;
- protect the child from contact with substances that have aggressive, irritant effects, allergens;
- minimize the risk of injury to the nose, facial area;
- control the level of physical and emotional stress.
Often, nosebleeds in a child are an infrequent phenomenon that parents can manage on their own. If the baby’s blood goes long and often, this may indicate that he has a serious illness. In this case, you must show the child to a specialist.
For more information on what to do if your child is bleeding from the nose, you can learn from the following video.
