Every kid masters the technique of speech gradually and does it from birth. First, he learns to understand the expressions addressed to him, and then begins to speak himself. As a rule, up to a year you can hear the first elementary words from the crumbs, and by the three years of his life he speaks sensible phrases.
Stages of speech development in a child
The mastery of speech by a child begins from the very first days of life. From birth, the baby needs constant communication and seeks to express its emotions by any means. The development of speech occurs in several stages.
Stages:
- Creek (up to 1 month). From birth, the crumb has only one method of communication - it is a scream. With his help, he can report that he is hungry or has something sore for him.
- Walking (up to 5 months). Gradually, the child learns to pronounce the whole sound combinations. Walking, like shouting, is a way to enter into dialogue with adults and express their desires.
- Babble (up to 12 months). This period is characterized by the pronunciation of the first syllables, the articulatory apparatus is being prepared. At this time, it is extremely important to comment on every action of the crumbs, he just needs to hear the speech addressed to him.
- The first words (up to 1.5 years). By the year a child’s vocabulary is about 10 words, by one and a half years it increases about 3 times. In addition, there is a development of a passive dictionary, that is, those words that the baby understands, but cannot yet speak.
- Phrase speech (up to 2 years). At this age, the crumb learns to speak whole words and can even add phrases from them.
- Building phrases (up to 3 years). The child’s vocabulary begins to complement verbs, adjectives and pronouns. He can easily ask a question or make a simple sentence.
- Expanded speech. After 3 years, the baby begins not only to speak well-constructed sentences, but also to listen to the interlocutor.
The above data are approximate, the skills of the crumbs do not always coincide with the generally accepted age indicators.
How to conduct speech development classes with your baby
It is important for the achievement of an effective result to organize a lesson correctly. In order to help the child develop speech skills, parents should familiarize themselves with the recommendations of a psychologist and a speech therapist.
Recommendations for conducting classes:
- it is necessary to find the right approach and conduct classes in a form that the child will like;
- the duration of the lesson should not exceed 30 minutes, otherwise the child will be tired and every lesson will be torture for him;
- the form of filing a new material should be changed regularly, the monotony quickly bored children;
- the learning process should take place in the most relaxed atmosphere;
- parents need to be on the same level with their offspring and look into his eyes during the lesson.
Properly conducted lesson will not only please the baby, but also bring a good result. It should be remembered that for a quick understanding of the information, first of all, you need to interest the young student.
How to teach a child to say: ways
Speech development includes a range of activities that stimulate and improve speech skills.
Ways of learning:
- Communication This method is the most basic, it is necessary to maintain communication with the child since birth. Undoubtedly, all children copy their parents. And the correctness of the child's speech depends largely on how well his parents express themselves.
- Gymnastics articulatory apparatus. These exercises will help your child learn to speak as easily and quickly as possible. To carry out such exercises is not difficult at all, it consists in performing simple exercises. For example, opening and closing the mouth, stretching the lips and stretching the mouth in a smile.
- Face and palm massage. Such a massage contributes to the development of speech skills, during the procedure it is recommended to tell the kid funny rhymes and rituals.
- The development of fine motor skills. Exercises that develop fine motor skills, not only help the crumbs to speak faster, but also contribute to the formation of creative skills.
Mastering the technique of speech is an important event in the development of every child. This period can be accompanied by both joyful moments and the occurrence of difficulties.
How to quickly teach a child to speak
Of course, parents are always eagerly waiting for their child to speak.
In order for the child to speak as early as possible it is necessary to show and tell everything from the first days of his life.
In order to teach a child to speak at 1 year, you must:
- to teach the crumb to repeat all heard sounds;
- it is necessary to constantly change facial expressions, intonation and express various emotions;
- when communicating to avoid extraneous noise;
- all events occurring near the crumbs, it is necessary to pronounce;
- it is not necessary at the first call to fulfill all the desires of the child, it is recommended to provoke him to try to ask for something with the help of words;
- to teach your child to chew food thoroughly; it is a recharge for the tongue and lips.
By the age of 1, the child should speak elementary words, for example, mom, dad, bye-bye, give, no and yes. If this does not happen, then you should not panic. This is only a signal that parents need to think over the methods of speech development.
If by 2 years old the child persistently refuses to speak, then this indicates a small vocabulary that should be filled immediately. Of course, it is possible to develop speech in this case independently only with the confidence that there are no problems with speech and development.
In order for the baby to learn to speak in 2 years you need:
- regularly read crumbs of fairy tales and children's poems;
- develop fine motor skills: draw more, engage in modeling and folding mosaic;
- explain the meaning of expressions addressed to the baby.
The little one will quickly learn to talk if the parents communicate with him as much as possible.
How to teach a child to correctly speak the letter L, R, W, S
Usually, when setting the speech, many parents are concerned that the baby does not pronounce some letters. The most difficult in the pronunciation are considered such letters as l, p, w and s. Teaching correct spelling of such letters is possible without the help of a speech therapist at home.
Letter l
- This letter should be pronounced with a smile, pressing the tip of the tongue to the sky;
- some exercises with the tongue will also help, for example, licking the lips or holding the tongue down to the tip of the nose;
- in order for the child to remember the correct pronunciation, it is necessary to teach him to pronounce the tongue while pronouncing the letter L.
It should be remembered that the correct pronunciation of this letter is observed no earlier than 5 years.
Letter p
- good exercise has such an exercise as clatter tongue;
- in order to activate the lingual muscles, you must ask the crumb to slightly bite his tongue;
- an exercise helps a lot, in the course of which the child needs to stick out his tongue and chat up and down.
Letter sh
- imitation of chewing food will help well;
- it is necessary as often as possible to ask the crumb to portray a smile on his lips;
- It is very important to show the correct location of the tongue when pronouncing this letter, the tongue should be pressed to the lower lip while its sides are slightly raised.
Letter c
- you need to give your child some small object that he must hold his teeth with, and then blow;
- You can also ask the crumb to smile and put his tongue against his lower teeth, then he should blow heavily.
What hinders speech, causes for concern
It is believed that the development of speech - is an indicator of the mental abilities of the child. But the opinion is wrong. Both external factors and deviations that require the help of a specialist can inhibit the development of speech.
To brake it can:
- underdeveloped mouth muscles;
- poor auditory attention;
- poor hearing;
- lack of communication between parents and their child;
- living in a hostile atmosphere.
First you need to understand the reason why the child instead of speaking prefers to remain silent. The inability to speak does not always indicate a serious deviation.
Reasons for concern:
- The child does not play and does not make contact with his peers.
- Says slurred.
- He does not understand the phrases addressed to him or the questions asked to him.
- She does not recognize people from her environment, or does not remember the purpose of this or that object.
- Cannot name your family members.
If the crumbs have at least one of these signs, you should contact a specialist.
Speech Therapist Tips
Most often, a problem with the development of speech resolves such a specialist as a speech therapist. He is well versed in speech defects and can provide effective assistance to parents.
Speech Therapist Tips:
- talking with a baby is needed a lot and everywhere;
- Be sure to read fairy tales, sing children's songs and tell humorous poems;
- it is necessary to ask the baby to tell more, while correcting his mistakes carefully;
- classes are best conducted in a playful way;
- the child needs regular communication with his peers;
- mandatory procedure is the development of fine motor skills;
- when a baby asks for a thing, it is necessary to encourage him to ensure that this object is properly named;
- for variety, it is recommended to carry out domestic dramatization.
The most useful thing you can do for your child in the process of developing speech is to pay a lot of attention. Do not forget that children are a reflection of their parents.
Summing up, it is safe to say that learning a baby’s speech technique is not an easy task, often causing many questions. Regularly studying with his baby and encouraging any of his activities, parents will be able to make sure that teaching him to speak was not so difficult.
Additional information on the topic of the article is in the next video.
