Changes in humidity and temperature in the house can create very unfavorable and uncomfortable living conditions. It is for this reason that special dryers are so popular. Moreover, if it is a pity to give money for industrial models, such a device can be made with your own hands.
Why use air dryers?
Various factors can lead to an increase in humidity in an apartment: installation of windows with impaired, poor-quality waterproofing, problems with ventilation.
To normalize the level of humidity in this case, an air dryer is used. This is a unique device capable of lowering and maintaining a given level of humidity in a residential area.
There are the following options for dehumidifiers: household and industrial. The main difference between them is performance. In apartments it is best to use appliances that can absorb moisture up to 5 liters per day.
The principle of operation depends on the type of desiccant device, but all of them share similar functionality: the desiccant draws in moist air, processes it, removes excess moisture, and releases it back dry.
Increased humidity in the room can cause:
the appearance of fungus and mold;- reduced immunity;
- increase the frequency of colds;
- impairment of breathing;
- allergy development;
- the destruction of wooden furniture;
- peeling wallpaper, problems with flooring;
- destruction of the finish;
- breakdowns of household appliances.
the appearance of fungus and mold;Types of technology and the basic principles of work
Such devices are divided according to two criteria: type of equipment and principle of operation. In the first case we are talking about options for placement and installation in the room. Dehumidifiers can be:
- hidden
- outdoor;
- universal;
- wall mounted.
But depending on the principle of operation, the dryers are divided into adsorption and condensation types, variants with the property of assimilation.
Adsorption
The work is based on the adsorption properties of materials and substances used in the manufacture of equipment. So, inside the device is a sorbent: it absorbs moisture, dries the air.
The main disadvantage of such a device is the need for frequent replacement of the main component.
Condensation
Considered the most popular for home use. Principle of operation: condensation of water vapor. Most of the dehumidifiers that are used in apartments, works on the principle of air conditioning.
Ventilated air is cooled when released into the evaporator. There it condenses, accumulates in the pan - it must be cleaned regularly, otherwise the air dryer will automatically shut off.
Some models have a way out to which a pipe is connected to take the liquid either to the sewer system or directly to the street.
With assimilation method
The principle of work: the exchange of air masses between the street and the room. Humid air will go out into the street, and from there fresh air will flow into the room. During circulation, the humidity level will decrease.
The disadvantages of this device include a significant loss of heat that comes out with moist air. Another disadvantage is serious energy costs. In addition, these devices can not be used in areas with a humid climate.
The main selection criteria - what to pay attention to?
Before heading to the store for shopping, it is recommended to study in advance all the features and rules of choice.
Performance
Each device has its own performance, indicating the amount of moisture absorbed over a certain period. This indicator is referred to as "l / h" or "l / s".
Having bought a dehumidifier with a small power level, it will not be possible to achieve the desired effect, the device itself will work continuously, at the limit of its "strength", which will quickly lead to breakdowns.
Buying a device with a capacity exceeding needs will lead to a rapid decrease in humidity in the room, so in the future the dehumidifier will only work at a loss due to excessive energy consumption.
Noise level
Too noisy device will cause serious discomfort, especially if it will work at night. It is better to choose models with a noise level of not more than 45 dB.
Manufacturer
Before purchasing, consult with experts who will tell you which model is better in a certain price category in terms of quality.
Catchment volume
The greater the volume of the tank to collect the liquid, the less will have to drain it.
Electricity consumption
It all depends on performance. But at the same time on sale you can find products that are characterized by a high rate of efficiency, which simultaneously consume a small amount of energy. True, their cost will be higher.
Additional functions
Such functions include a hygrometer, which displays humidity indicators on the display, the possibility of an audible warning when the tank is overfilled, a timer, air ionization, instrument auto-shutdown, etc.
Some of the models can additionally perform the functions of a hydrostat or an air purifier.
Before buying it is very important to study the criteria of a suitable model in advance.
Top models rating
We have collected a rating of the most popular models.
DanVex DEH-1000P
A portable option that is ideal for both apartments and private homes. Maximum performance - 80 liters per day, power is 820 watts. Working temperature varies from +5 to +33 degrees.
The model is made of high quality plastic, the volume of the tank is 7 liters. The mass of the device is 25 kg.
Among the advantages are the possibility of connecting the drain, hydrostat. Cost - around 70 thousand rubles.
H-DEH1-20L-UI007 Hyundai
The main purpose is to dry the air. Due to the silent operation, the device does not create any discomfort even at night. It is characterized by ease of use, performs the tasks, is simple and reliable.
Thanks to the use of this model, it is possible to significantly speed up the drying of linen, a favorable microclimate will be created in the room. The presence of this dehumidifier will allow to destroy the mold and fungus in the apartment.
You can also note:
- small dimensions;
- high quality;
- availability of automatic control over the level of humidity;
- the presence of a hygrostat;
- the presence of the display, which displays the main indicators.
Among the main characteristics are:
- 20 l / day - indicators of drying intensity;
- 600 W - device power;
- 3 l - the volume of the tank.
Cost - from 12 thousand rubles.
Mitsubishi Electric MJ-E16VX
From the pros: compact size of the device, attractive appearance, convenient transportation.
The main characteristics include:
- productivity makes 16 l / days;
- power - 275 W;
- 11 kg is the weight of the device.
This model is sold with the option of protection against children, which makes its use 100% safe. You can also customize the timer, its off time.
Cost - around 31 thousand rubles.
Master DH 716
This device is ideal for use in residential apartments up to 40 square meters. This model is equipped with a hygrostat, there is a tank filling indicator. And thanks to the carbon filter you can avoid unpleasant odors in the apartment.
This dryer has a capacity of only 16 l / day, the noise level is 46 dB, the tank volume is 5.5 liters.
The cost of the model is around 22 thousand rubles.
Ballu BDH-25L
It is a popular model that copes with the function of air dehumidification. Capacity is 25 l / day, capacity - 6.5 liters.
The model is equipped with a fill indicator, a device shutdown timer, a hygrostat (automatic support of a given humidity). The noise level at maximum operation will be 45 dB.
A simple dehumidifier with his own hands
To make an absorption device, you will need the following materials:
- silica gel - about 250 g;
- 2 plastic containers from 2 liters;
- spoke;
- nails;
- awl;
- needle;
- knife;
- lighter.
In addition to silica gel, you can choose another absorbent, but this component has several advantages, but the main thing is the possibility of multiple use without losing properties. It is enough just to dry the substance, after which it can be reused.
You also need a USB fan or cooler that can be removed from any processor.
The manufacturing sequence is as follows:
- In one bottle we make a hole with a heated nail. Be sure to use cloth gloves to avoid burns.
- Then the container is cut with a knife into two different halves.
- In the lower bottle with a hole placed the second half so that the neck was directed downward, while at the same time it is necessary to screw the cap with the holes.
- In the top bottle we fall asleep absorber.
- In the second tank, we cut off the bottom, place a fan there that will drive air towards the tank with the bottom cut off. Moreover, the fan should be located at a distance of at least 8 cm from the cut bottom.
- We remove the cover from the neck, which will ensure the supply of air to the fan.
- Then the bottle with the fan is carefully put on the container with the absorbent.
- Joints are carefully rewound with electrical tape, which is required for sealing.
You can also make a condensation type dryer with your own hands. True, it will be more difficult to manufacture, but its main part can be found in any home, using, for example, an old refrigerator.
The instruction is as follows:
- Remove the doors from the freezer and refrigeration compartments.
- According to their dimensions, measure the plexiglas plates with a thickness of at least 3 mm.
- At a distance of about 30 cm from the edge of the plate, make holes where you need to mount the fan (its dimensions must match the protective grid).
- Install the fan, fix the grille using self-tapping screws.
- Holes must be made in the upper part of the plate - their total area should be equal to the hole area for the fan.
- Fix the plexiglass on the screws in the place where the door should be located.
- Silicone should be used to seal joints and insulation.
- It will remain to start the refrigerator, do not forget to turn on the fan.
