Stomatitis is a lesion of the oral mucosa. The disease can occur in both children and adults. The disease is characterized by ulcers, which can be located in different parts of the oral cavity. This lesion most often occurs in children at an early age.
Types of stomatitis
There are several types of this disease. The differences are in the cause of the lesion. Stomatitis can be infectious (microbial, viral, fungal), allergic, aphthous and traumatic.
Bacterial
Bacterial damage occurs due to various pathogens. The disease with the same frequency occurs in children of all ages. Causes of STD:
- lack of oral hygiene;
- getting bacteria into the mouth from a dirty object;
- associated oral cavity diseases (caries, tonsillitis).
Bacterial damage is characterized by the appearance of redness at the site of infection. Over time, cracks and ulcers form. Also, a damaged area can bring discomfort in the form of pain and itching. In severe lesions, the disease develops rapidly, high fever rises.
This type of lesion is easily treatable. The main thing is to consult a specialist in time. In the future, you will need to use means for prevention to avoid re-infection.
Herpes (viral)
Herpes type of the disease occurs due to weakened immunity and associated diseases.
A herpetic infection is somehow present in almost all people, so any provocative factor can trigger its development.
Viral stomatitis has the following symptoms:
- heat;
- rashes on the oral mucosa;
- general malaise.
Its feature is the rapid and acute development. In a short period of time, a viral infection spreads to the gums and throat of a child. Because of this, gingivitis and tonsillitis occur. It will be necessary to start therapy as early as possible in order to avoid the development of complications.
Fungal
Fungal form of the disease occurs in children due to weakened immunity and in contact with an infected object. It can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth and breastfeeding.
A feature of the disease is a huge amount of white plaque on the tongue and oral mucosa.
Depending on the severity of fungal stomatitis, the amount of plaque in the mouth varies. The more severe the infection, the more cheesy deposits on the tongue and mucous membranes. Most often, this type of stomatitis affects newborns.
Fungal stomatitis delivers great discomfort. Primarily due to its symptoms. Most often it is caused by the fungus Candida. Because of him, the child will be tormented by severe itching. Newborn babies are very restless. After starting treatment, all symptoms quickly subside.
Allergic
Allergic type of disease occurs when in contact with allergens. Children up to a certain age are sensitive to almost any irritant. In some cases, allergies remain for life. Allergens can be:
- dust;
- Food;
- toothpastes and brushes.
Allergic stomatitis can be a symptom of systemic allergies. It can also occur independently.
Local allergic reaction in the mouth occurs less frequently. The disease begins with a burning sensation in the mouth. A little later, ulcerative lesions occur.
If a child has low immunity, the pathology develops much faster. At the first manifestations of the disease, you need to consult a doctor.
Traumatic
This type of stomatitis occurs due to injury of the oral mucosa. An infection that provokes the development of the disease gets into the wound. Mechanical injury can be caused by:
- brushing your teeth;
- hot drinks;
- food intake.
A child can damage the mucosa while playing. From the moment of injury to the first symptoms of the disease can take several days.
The presence of scratches or other mechanical damage in the mouth does not always lead to infection, if the parents of the child respond in time.
It is advisable to consult with a specialist. You can rinse your mouth with antiseptics to prevent the development of traumatic stomatitis.
Aphthous
The peculiarity of aphthous stomatitis is the lesion of the mucous membrane of the mouth with small ulcers. The disease can occur both acutely and chronically. The causes of the development of aphthous type of the disease in children are:
- thin oral mucosa;
- weak antiseptic properties of saliva;
- mechanical injury.
Aphthous type of the disease may be complicated by the addition of infection. Accurately determine the cause of his appearance is not always possible. As a rule, the developed ulcers disappear within 7-10 days. With reduced immunity and the absence of treatment, stomatitis becomes chronic.
Diagnostic features
When detecting ulcerative lesions, inflammation and white plaque in the child’s mouth, parents should consult a doctor. Conducted a detailed survey. The first is a preliminary diagnosis based on visual inspection. To accurately determine the type of disease, you must use the following methods:
- PCR research;
- bakposev scraping mucous;
- blood test.
It is also desirable to conduct a comprehensive survey to understand the general condition of the body. In case of secondary stomatitis, it is necessary to find the cause of its occurrence.
Treatment usually begins immediately after a visual inspection. To diagnose a disease is simple. General remedies for treatment and prophylaxis can be used to eliminate symptoms and stop the development of a lesion. Natural antiseptics can be used for safe therapy.
Traditional treatment of children's stomatitis
In identifying the disease is determined by the severity of its course. Based on this, the treatment regimen is selected. Traditional therapy refers to the use of local medicine. If necessary, use drugs inside.
The following classes of drugs may be used:
- antibiotics;
- antifungal;
- anti-inflammatory;
- antiviral.
In addition, local antiseptics are used for almost any kind of stomatitis. Gels and ointments can be used to eliminate pain and inflammation. Perfectly established himself Holisal gel. With the defeat of the infection you need to choose the drug that will be effective against a specific type and type of infectious lesion. For this is taken a smear from the mucous.
If there are ulcers, they can be smeared with healing gels. The physician must draw up a treatment regimen so that it fits the child and all medications are compatible with each other. The hardest thing is to find the right therapy for a newborn. At this age, almost all potent substances are prohibited. It is also very difficult to apply topical medication.
Parents should approach all procedures responsibly and use the designated funds a specified number of times. After completing the course of treatment, you need to undergo a re-examination.
Treatment of stomatitis in children at home
Traditional medicine can be used along with traditional treatment.
It complements the main treatment regimen and helps to achieve a better result.
The advantage of folk remedies is their low toxicity. They can be used by children of any age.
You can use the following tools:
- Aloe juice On the basis of this plant, you can make solutions for rinsing (aloe leaves to scroll, pour 250 ml of water and boil). In case of viral infection, ulcers can be lubricated with concentrated juice.
- Propolis tincture. This tincture can be purchased at the pharmacy. You will need to rinse the baby's mouth 2-3 times a day until the result is achieved.
- Tincture of oak bark. In the pharmacy, you must purchase dry oak bark (the bags are the most convenient to use). After that, you need to brew 20 g of oak bark with 500 ml of boiling water and let it brew for an hour. This medicine has antiseptic and healing properties.
It is necessary to combine the methods of folk treatment with the main therapy. In the absence of results, you need to contact a specialist for a second consultation. When rinsing you need to make sure that the child does not swallow the infusion. The above tools can be used in the treatment of any stomatitis.
At home, local pharmacies can be used. Among them are:
- Geksoral (antimicrobial and analgesic);
- Lidocaine (pain reliever and antiseptic);
- Kamistad (anti-inflammatory).
Herpetic
The viral type of stomatitis is the most difficult to treat because of the resistance of herpes to various medications. At home, used:
- Acyclovir ointment;
- Oxolinic ointment;
- Bonafton
Local means it is necessary to process ulcers and all affected areas. With extensive lesions, antiseptic Miramistin can be used.
Aphthous
The causes of aphthous stomatitis are not fully understood. During treatment, tools are used that contribute to the speedy healing of the wound and prevent the recurrence of lesions. Among the drugs emit:
- Instillagel;
- Ingalipt;
- Rotokan.
Anti-inflammatory and anesthetic medicines are used for pain syndrome. Apply them to the disappearance of unpleasant manifestations.
Disease prevention
Prevention consists in maintaining oral hygiene and regular visits to doctors for examinations. At times when the child’s immunity is falling, strengthening agents can be used.
Also, rinsing with natural antiseptics can be used as a preventive measure, but this should be done no more than once a week. After the disease is cured, the doctor will tell in detail how to carry out prevention, taking into account the individual characteristics of the child.
For oral hygiene you need to choose the right toothpaste. Children who are prone to stomatitis should use pastes without sodium lauryl sulphate. This element strongly dries the oral mucosa.
Stomatitis often occurs in childhood. With timely treatment, it does not pose any threat. It is important to correctly diagnose it, because there are more dangerous diseases that have similar symptoms.
